Chronology of World War II

December 1944

Saturday, December 30


Air Operations, CBI

BURMA
  • 4 7th Heavy Bomb Group B-24s equipped with a total of 28 Azon guided bombs destroy 2 bridges on the Prome-Taungap road with 16 direct hits, a bridge at Okshitpin with 8 direct Azon hits, and still another bridge with 4 direct hits.
  • 17 10th Air Force B-25s attack troops and supplies at Kyatpyin.
  • 28 10th Air Force P-47s attack troops and supplies at 7 locations.
  • 12 P-47s attack 4 bridges at 3 locations.
  • 14th Air Force fighter-bombers attack targets of opportunity in eastern Burma.
CHINA
  • 4 341st Medium Bomb Group B-25s attack a bridge near Kengtung.
  • 14th Air Force fighter-bombers attack targets of opportunity in the Ka-chun, Ichang, Shanhsien, and Shayang area.
FRENCH INDOCHINA
  • 2 341st Medium Bomb Group B-25s attack a bridge, rail cars, and tracks near Thanh Moi.
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Air Operations, East Indies

  • FEAF B-25s attack barges and supplies at Haroekoe, Ceram.
  • Fighter-bombers mount punishing attacks against airfields on Celebes and northern Borneo.
  • FEAF bombers and fighter-bombers attack oil installations, shipping, and targets of opportunity across the East Indies.
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Air Operations, Europe

RAF BOMBER COMMAND
Daylight Ops:
  • 13 Lancasters of No. 617 Squadron set out to bomb the U-boat pens at Ijmuiden, but the raid is abandoned because of bad weather.
Evening Ops:
  • 356 Halifaxes, 93 Lancasters and 21 Mosquitos of Nos. 4, 6 and 8 Groups are sent to Cologne to attack the area in which the Kalk-Nord railway yards are located. The presence of cloud causes difficulties for the Pathfinders and the outcome of the raid could not be observed. The local report, however, shows that the Kalk-Nord yards, as well as the 2 passenger stations nearby, are severely damaged. At least 2 ammunition trains blow up. Nearby Autobahns are also badly damaged, all adding to the effect upon the German transportation system.
    • 1 Halifax and 1 Lancaster are lost.
  • 154 Lancasters and 12 Mosquitos of No. 5 Group attack a German supply bottleneck in a narrow valley at Houffalize. The results of the raid are not known.
    • 1 Lancaster crashes in France.
Minor Ops:
  • 68 Mosquitos are sent to Hannover, 9 to Bochum and to Duisburg, 11 Lancasters lay mines off Heligoland, 21 aircraft are on Resistance operations, and there are 36 Mosquito patrols and 32 RCM sorties.
    • There are no losses.
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Air Operations, Philippines

  • The Mindoro-bound convoy that was under attack throughout December 28 and 29 reaches its objective under the protection of numerous V Fighter Command and Marine Air Group 12 fighters. In 72 hours since entering the Surigao Strait, the convoy has been attacked 49 times by individual and groups of Japanese land-based bombers and fighters. Despite the air cover during unloading operations, 5 D3A 'Val' dive bombers mount a successful attack on the ships at 1540 hours. 2 destroyers, an aviation gasoline tanker, and the PT-boat tender serving as the convoy flagship are hit by bombs or 'Vals' themselves. 59 men are killed aboard the tender, which is eventually saved, and 8 are killed aboard the tanker, which burns to the waterline. During the night, another cargo ship is sunk off Mindoro by aerial bombs.
  • 22nd Heavy Bomb Group B-24s attack Clark Field on Luzon.
  • FEAF B-24s, V Bomber Command B-25s and A-20s, and V Fighter Command fighter-bombers attack shipping, airfields, and targets of opportunity throughout the Philippines.
  • 418th and 419th Night Fighter squadron P-61 crews down 1 G4M 'Betty' bomber, 2 A6M2-N 'Rufe' float planes, and 1 Ki-84 'Frank' fighter in the Mindoro area between 0034 and 0707 hours.
  • 8th Fighter Group P-38s down 2 Japanese fighters over Mindoro at 1535 and 1730, respectively.
  • A VMF-211 F4U downs an A6M Zero over Luzon at 1620 hours. During the night, 9 345th Medium Bomb Group B-25s attack the Tuguegarao airfield on Luzon at low level.
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Air Operations, Volcano Islands

14 11th Heavy Bomb Group B-24s attack Iwo Jima.

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Atomic Research

Gen Groves, head of the Manhattan Project, reports that the first 2 atomic bombs should be ready by August 1, 1945.

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Burma

In the British XXXIII Corps sector, the British and Indian forces take Kaduma.

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Eastern Front

The fighting in and around Budapest continues. Russian units from both 2nd and 3rd Ukraine Fronts are involved.

HUNGARY

Red Army artillery (100 guns) commences a massive barrage against Pest, accompanied by infantry assaults of the 2nd Ukrainian Front.

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Philippines

On Mindoro a second American supply convoy reaches the island; it has been heavily attacked on the way by Japanese aircraft, damaging 3 merchant ships, 3 tank landing craft, 2 vehicle landing craft and 2 destroyers including the Pringle (DD-477) and the Gansevoort (DD-608). The auxiliary vessel Porcupine (IX-126) is hit so badly it must be sunk by US forces. Once again, it is the death-defying kamikazes who do the damage.

On Leyte the Americans attack in force in the Palompon area, and during the night the Japanese withdraw most of their forces from the sector.

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Western Front

The VIII Corps from Patton's 3rd Army begins a new attack northwest from a line between Bastogne and St Hubert. Houffalize, a small Belgian town 3 miles from the border with Luxembourg, is the objective. Trying to cut the road south from Bastogne to Arlon, the Germans reach Lutrbois and surround Villers-la-Bonne-Eau, cutting off some units of the US 35th Div.

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Images from December 30, 1944

US 5th Armored Regiment tankers gathering around a fire and opening Christmas presents, near Eupen, 30 december 1944; note M4 Sherman tank

Opening Christmas Presents


Opening Christmas Presents

Men from the Australian 25th Battalion during the Battle of Pearl Ridge, Bougainville, 30 December 1944

The Battle of Pearl Ridge


the Battle of Pearl Ridge

Civilians employed by the Allied Military Government repair and improve network of roads near Lizzano, Italy on 30 December 1944

Road Repair near Lizzano, Italy


Road Repair near Lizzano, Italy

American soldiers and Italian civilians move rocks after they fell onto a road in Italy, 30 December 1944

Clearing a Road


Clearing a Road

M1917 .30 Cal US Machine Gunners during the Battle of the Bulge

M1917 .30 Cal US Machine Gunners


M1917 .30 Cal US Machine Gunners

The Aichi E13A a Japanese float plane, known to the Allies as a ‘Jake, which the USS La Salle participated in shooting down on 30 December before departing for Luzon.

Japanese Float Plane, the Aichi E13A 'Jake'


Japanese Float Plane

Elements of Task Group 38.2 underway from Ulithi on 30 December 1944. Aircraft carriers are (front to back) INDEPENDENCE CVL-22, HORNET CV-12 and LEXINGTON CV-16. Cruisers at right are SAN JUAN CL-54 followed by CruDiv 17 ships.

Task Group 38.2 underway from Ulithi


Japanese Float Plane

US Army Sergeant James Storey, Private Frank Fox, and Corporal Dennis Lavanoha on a scouting mission, Lellig, Luxembourg, 30 december 1944.

Scouting Mission in Luxembourg


Scouting Mission in Luxembourg

[December 29th - December 31st]