Battle For France

June 13, 1940


The Paris Army is ordered to withdraw to the Loire.

The 2nd Armored Div, which had by-passed the city on its western side the night before - while its commander, making his way through the deserted center, is thinking of bearing away the coffin of the Unknown Warrior with his last tanks - is now heading through Verrières woods for Arpajon and Chamarande, where it is to regroup.

Gen Héring give instructions for the following notice to be affixed to the walls of the capital:

Gen Héring, having been called away to command an army, is placing the military government in the hands of Gen Dentz. Paris is declared an open city. Every step has been taken to ensure, in all circumstances, the safety and provisioning of the inhabitants.

In the afternoon the Germans reach Pantin and Aubervilliers.

West of Paris, in the sector held by the remains of the 10th Army, a disquieting breach some ten miles wide, has opened in the French line between Évreux and Pacy-sur-Eure. There is a risk that the gap will widen in the days ahead, for the two armies on the left have been ordered to center their withdrawals on different points: the Paris Army is to center on Orléans, whereas the 10th Army, which has received direct instructions from J. Reynaud to bar the way to the Breton redoubt, is to center first on Argentan and then on Rennes.

East of Paris, the Germans are building up round Montmirail. Towards noon the French air force reports a considerable concentration of armored and motorized vehicles in the area. The attack on the 6th Army begins in the afternoon. Late in the day the Germans reach the Upper Seine at Romilly.

On the 4th Army Front the 2nd Panzer Division, fully exploiting its success of the day before, pushes on toward Vitry-le-François and Saint-Dizier. the road to Dijon lies open for Guderian's armor.

The bold thrust, paving the way for an encirclement of the left wing of the 2nd Group of Armies, alarms Gen Georges. He directs Gen Prételat's attention to the need to hasten his vacation of the Maginot Line and effect his withdrawal as swiftly as possible.

Lt-Gen Sir Alan Brooke arrives in Cherbourg to assume overall command of the British 52nd Division, which had landed during the night, and of the other British formations still dotted about France.

The Eastern Prince, the first American ship to bring arms to Europe, leaves Gravesend harbor. Edward R. Stettinius writes:

...The arms we sent in June of 1940 were only a stop-gap. But they went to men who almost literally had no arms at all, in the most critical hour of Britain's history since the Spanish Armada sailed into the English Channel...

Besides the guns, we also tried to send some planes we have in service. They were not the 'clouds of planes' for which Premier Reynaud of France desperately imagined might be sent when he made his last appeal for aid to the President on June 13th. But the navy agreed to release 50 of its Curtiss-Wright SBC-4 dive bombers, and the army 93 of its Northrop A-17-A light attack bombers. These also were traded in to the manufacturers for later-type planes then in production and resold to the British and French as the rifles had been.

Most of the planes are flown to Halifax, where the French aircraft carrier Béarn is waiting.